Interior of tombs of the kings necropolis, Paphos, Cyprus
Interior of tombs of the kings necropolis, Paphos, Cyprus

What is…
Paphos

Paphos is the capital city of the island of Cyprus, and therefore the residence of the Roman governor. Paphos is located on the western end of the island.

It was visited by Paul and Barnabas on their first missionary tour (Acts 13:6). It is new Paphos which is here meant. It lay on the west coast of the island, about 8 miles north of old Paphos.

Archaeology

Its modern name is Baffa. Many impressive archeological ruins have been uncovered there, and many are open to public view.

Baffa, Cyprus, site of ancient Paphos —satellite view

During Paul's mission to Cyprus he encountered proconsul Sergius Paulus and his family on Cyprus (Acts 13:4–12). Ancient inscriptions have been found confirming a 1st-century proconsul named Paulus (e.g., Soloi inscription ~AD 54) supporting the historical accuracy of Sergius Paulus. Also, the archeology confirms that this place was a sophisticated Roman administrative center with a city layout and amenities that align with Paphos being a provincial capital where Paul preached and converted the proconsul.

Ancient Paphos (Nea Paphos), Cyprus, features a vast UNESCO World Heritage archaeological park with Greek, Roman, and later remains. Key finds include Roman villas with intricate mosaics (e.g., House of Dionysus, Aion, Orpheus, Villa of Theseus depicting pagan mythology), Tombs of the Kings (Hellenistic/Roman rock-cut tombs), city walls, harbor remains, temples (e.g., Aphrodite sanctuary).

A Hellenistic-Roman ampitheater (Odeon) is relatively intact, plus the agora, and Asklepieion (supposed healing temple).

St. Paul's Pillar marks the traditional site of Paul's scourging in Paphos (Acts 13).

Early Christian sites are found, like Chrysopolitissa Basilica (post-Paul spread of faith).

More information

Article Version: January 30, 2026